Heat lost by water is equal to the mass times the specific latent heat of fusion and the equation is vtiml, m is mass of water in difference, t stands for the time taken for heat the ice and l is the latent heat of fusion of ice. Purpose to determine the molar heat of fusion of ice. Ice can be added until the temperature is ten degrees below room temp. In this lab, the heat of fusion for water will be determined by monitoring the temperature changes while a known mass of ice melts in a cup of water. Read the introduction to the heat of fusion of ice writeup in your lab manual p 85. Measure and record the initial water temperature inside the cup. This wikibook should provide professional knowledge base for fusion scientists in definitiontheoremproof scheme. This example problem demonstrates how to calculate the amount of energy required to melt a sample of water ice.
Use the relationship h c fusion m, to calculate the heat of fusion c f of ice. Use equation 2 and the data in the data section to solve for the latent heat of fusion lf. Chemistry heat of fusion of ice jiskha homework help. The following shows that wet ice will yield a value below the standard value. Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper in complete sentences. As a current student on this bumpy collegiate pathway, i stumbled upon course hero, where i can find study resources for nearly all my courses, get online.
Latent heat of fusion and vaporization, specific heat. The enthalpy of fusion of a substance, also known as latent heat of fusion is the change in its enthalpy resulting from providing energy, typically heat, to a specific quantity of the substance to change its state from a solid to a liquid, at constant pressure. Experiment 1 to determine the specific latent heat of fusion of ice. The calculation of the specific latent heat of fusion of ice is as follows. We did an experiment on how to find latent heat of fusion of ice. Again, from energy conservation arguments we can write. Heat of fusion of ice lab heat of fusion of ice problem. A detailed description of the various operations involved in determination of heat capacity is given in. Similarly, while ice melts, it remains at 0 c 32 f, and the liquid water that is formed with the latent heat of fusion is also at 0 c. Experiment 4 heat of fusion and melting ice experiment in this lab, the heat of fusion for water will be determined by monitoring the temperature changes while a known mass of ice melts in a cup of water. Nuclear fusion physics and technology wikibooks, open. Ice will be placed directly into a measured amount of water. Heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy required to change the state of matter of a substance from a solid to a liquid. This physics video tutorial explains how to solve problems associated with the latent heat of fusion of ice and the latent heat of vaporization of ice.
Take your hr comms to the next level with prezi video. Take the ice cubes from the container of icewater at the back of the room, and place it in the styrofoam cup. Chapter 3 calorimetry specific heat and latent heat. Additional phases, called ice ii through ice ix, have been. International conference on low temperature science. Experiment 3 the latent heat of fusion of ice a small amount of ice is placed in a calorimeter containing water. The ice will be melted by placing it in a known volume of hot water contained in a plastic cup. Here, you will add some ice cubes to a water bath at room temperature. Measurement of specific latent heat of fusion of ice loreto balbriggan. Old ice sea ice that has survived at least one summers melt.
Like all materials, ice exhibits basic phasetransition phenomena. Weight the cup again and determine the mass of the water inside the cup. But its study does not require ultrahighvacuum or cryogenic. Assume that the energy lost by the warm water is gained by the ice, but notice that the energy is used.
Heat of fusion measurement measurement of the heat of fusion of water l f accurately requires that the ice to be melted is perfectly dry. These quantities are defined on the basis of thermal and phase equilibrium conditions between. The amount of heat gained by a solid object to convert it into a liquid without any further increase in the temperature is known as latent heat of fusion. In objective 3 of this experiment, you are to determine the latent heat of fusion of ice. Basically, we had 40 degrees of water in a copper calorimeter put into a styrofoam insulator and kept adding ice into the water until the water reached 5 degrees. The amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a solid at its melting point into a liquid without an increase in temperature. Heat of fusion definition of heat of fusion by the free. The needed energy will come from a cup of warm water. Qice qh2o can be used to determine the enthalpy of fusion of ice in jg. As you know, matter exists in three states or maybe four, the fourth being a plasma, solid, liquid and gaseous. The amount of energy required to convert a solid to a liquid, at constant pressure and temperature, is called the heat of fusion of the substance.
In this experiment, the heat of fusion of ice will be determined. The ice we encounter in everyday life is known as icei in the bridgman nomenclature. By knowing the masses of the ice, the water, and the calorimeter, and the resulting temperature change after the ice melts, the latent heat of fusion of ice is found. Warm water allows ice to melt quickly and allows more ice to be used, which improves accuracy. Energy is required to change water from a solid to a liquid, i. The physics of ice the most recent text on ice physics i could find at the library was written in 1974.
Calculate the latent heat of fusion l for each of the three trials you performed. This plasma devices may generate clean energy one day, thus heavy research is under way. Water has a higher internal energy content than ice. The heat required to melt the ice will be supplied by the water. Nuclear fusion physics and technology deals with nuclear fusion in tokamaks. Heat is removed from the water bath to both melt the ice and warm the melted ice water to an equilibrium temperature. In the heat of fusion lab topics relating to the study of thermodynamics will be explored. The flow of heat will be examined in this experiment. Different substances have different heats of fusion. For a transition from solid to liquid, l is known as the latent heat of fusion, l. Calculate the heat of fusion of ice in kjmol by dividing the heat transferred from the water by the moles of the ice melted. Latent heat of fusion formula definition, equations and. Heat of fusion of ice continued 2 21 finn cientific inc ihts esere procedure 1. The amount of heat required to convert one unit amount of substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase leaving the temperature of the system unaltered is known as the latent.
Background the amount of energy required to convert a solid to. Heat of fusion for ice 127 name date score prelaboratory assignment for full credit, show detailed calculation setups. The experimentally determined value for heat of fusion will be compared with the accepted standard value. Sources of error reducing the errors heat lossgain from calorimeter use warm water 10 degrees above room temp. Fill a preweighed styrofoam calorimeter cup halfway with warm water. By measuring the temperature change of the water, students can calculate the quantity of heat exchanged between the water and the ice. The content of latent heat is complex in the case of sea ice because it is possible for sea ice and brine to exist together at any temperature and melt at a temperature other than 0 o c when bathed in a concentrated salt solution, just like. It is useful for some students to see a graph of the experiment, and one representation is given below.
When you get back to your lab bench, dry off the ice as. It varies with the type of material and the nature of the phase transition. Osborne abstract the results of measurements of the heat of fusion of ice made at the national bureau of standards and published in 19 and 1915 have been revised by one of the original experimenters, usng more recent data for the heat capacity of water, which is involved in the calculations. Place some ice cubes in a beaker of water and keep taking the temperature with the thermometer until the icewater mixture reaches 0 c. Design an experiment to find out if an ice cube taken from a freezer and immediately placed into a calorimeter needs the same amount of energy per gram for melting as does an ice cube that has been outside the freezer for 10 minutes. Its units are usually joules per gram jg or calories per gram calg. The mass of ice melted is the same as the increase in the volume of the water. Mix 10 grams of room temperature water with 10 grams of room temperature water. Calculate the latent heat of fusion of ice physics forums. In an experiment to measure the specific latent heat of fusion of ice, warm water was placed in a copper calorimeter.
The specific latent heat of fusion of a substance lf is the quantity of heat required to change a unit mass of a solid to a liquid without a change in the temperature. In this experiment you will try to measure the latent heat of fusion of ice lhice, the energy needed per gram to melt ice. You do not need a full lab report, just answer the analysis questions and attach the lab handout. The heat of fusion of ice introduction when heat flows into a system there are a number of things that can happen. It warms the water formed by the melting ice from zero to the final temperature. For example, as a piece of ice melts at 0oc, it becomes liquid water. Experiment 4heat of fusion and melting ice experiment. Heat of fusion 516 laying the foundation in physics 19 heat of fusion determining the heat of fusion of ice the heat of fusion is the quantity of heat needed to change one kilogram of a substance from the solid state to the liquid state at the normal melting point of the substance. The purpose of this experiment is to measure the latent heat of fusion of a substance water as it undergoes a phase change and a temperature change when energy is transferred between this substance and its environment. Scientists deal with this by defining a new constant called the heat of fusion. The heat thermal energy required for an objects phase transition is. The heat of fusion for water at 0 c is approximately 334 joules 79.
Measure about 350 ml of hot tap water into a 400ml beaker. Object of the experiment energy is required to change water from a solid to a liquid, i. The heat of fusion of ice rev2016 department of physics. This section will be revised shortly to reflect more recent data pointed out by mark thorson. In this experiment, an ice cube of mass mt, assumed to be at 0oc. Calculate the latent heat of fusion l for ice, and estimate the mass of a skater who melts ice by skating on skates 20cm long and 0. The specific heat of liquid water is cw 4186 jkg co. If the tap water is sufficiently hot, this step is not necessary. Using these experimental data, students will calculate the heat of fusion of ice. The amount of heat needed to change 1 kg of solid to 1kg of liquid at its melting point is called the latent heat of fusion of the material. On the latent heat of fusion of ice the journal of. Assume there is no transfer of heat to or from the surroundings. Most topographic features are smoother than on firstyear ice.